EKOLOGI BERBASIS SYARIAH:
ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS PEMIKIRAN MUDHOFIR ABDULLAH
oleh: Maghfur Ahmad
Jurusan Syariah dan Ekonomi Islam STAIN Pekalongan
Jl. Kusumabangsa No. 9 Pekalongan, Jawa Tengah 51114
[email protected]
Abstract: This study aims at analyzing Mudhofir Abdullah’s thought on environmental conservation as the final aim of sharia. Up to present, there have been five principles of sharia, al-maqasid al-syari‘ah, which includes nurturing religion, souls, dignity, wealth and descendants. Environmental problems (al-bi‘ah) have never been included in the analysis of al-maqasid al-syari‘ah. Through literature study with critical discourse analysis approach, the results of this study indicate that: (1) Al-Quran as a source of knowledge, provides insights and discusses ecological and environmental issues, (2) as a religious text, verses in Al quran which deal with ecological and environmental issues should be contextually understood by employing eco-ushulfiqh; and (3), without ecological and environmental guarantee, al-maqasid al-syari‘ah may not be able to beachieved. Therefore, according to Mudhofir’s thought, ecological and environmental issues should be the top concern in sharia. Within Islamic study context, Mudhofir has broadened the horizon on how Islamic teaching can answer the challenge of ecological and environmental problems within society.
Keywords: Environmental Crisis, Eco-Ushul Fiqh, Mudhofir, al-Maqasid al-Syari‟ah
Abstrak: Kajian ini menganalisis pemikiran Mudhofir mengenai konservasi lingkungan sebagai tujuan tertinggi syariah. Selama ini, al-maqasid al-syari‟ah hanya membahas lima prinsip utama, yaitu menjaga agama, jiwa, kehormatan, harta benda, dan keturunan. Problem lingkungan (al-bi‟ah) tidak masuk kategori kajian ini. Melalui riset pustaka, dengan analisis wacana kritis, kajian ini mengungkap bahwa: (1) al-Qur‘an sebagai sumber pengetahuan, banyak mengungkap dan memberi isyarat tentang pengelolaan ekologis; (2) sebagai teks keagamaan, ayat-ayat ekologis harus dipahami sesuai konteks, dengan bantuan eko-ushul fiqh; (3) tanpa ‗jaminan lingkungan‘, al-maqasid al-syari‟ah tidak akan pernah terjaga. Sebab itu, konservasi lingkungan, menurut Mudhofir, berada dalam prioritas utama tujuan syariah. Dalam konteks studi Islam, Mudhofir telah melebarkan horizon, topik kajian dan perspektif yang lebih luas, dalam rangka Islam menjawab problem krisis lingkungan.
Kata Kunci: Krisis Lingkungan, Eko-Ushul Fiqh, Mudhofir, al-Maqasid al-Syari‟ah
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